Garlic production for the gardener university of georgia. Garlic is cultivated all over the country as a spice plant. Allium sativum, also known as clove garlic is part of the lilliceae plant family. Garlic allium complex scientific studies are continuing to make the connection between the bioactive nutrients in allium vegetables garlic, onion, chive and leek, etc.
The european scientific cooperative on phytotherapy escop recommends 3 to 5 milligrams allicin daily 1 clove. Therapeutic effects of allium sativum and allium cepa in schistosoma mansoni experimental infection. Dermal fungal infections including tinea corporis, cruris, and pedis. This document is hs597, one of a series of the horticultural sciences department, ufifas extension. Bongiorno et al potential health benefits of garlic allium sativum published by the berkeley electronic press, 2008 there are studies that have shown garlic to be cardioprotective. Pdf on aug 1, 2017, b j divya and others published the role of allium. Allicin exhibit strong antifungal activity against anthracnose fungi, dampingoff fungi, and rhizopusnigricans. The plants form solitary or clustered bulbs and are strongly aromatic, with an onion or garlic odor when crushed. Garlic is the fresh bulb of allium sativum, which is related to the lily family liliaceae.
Potential health benefits of garlic psychology today. Garlic is a member of the onion family and is one of natures most versatile medicinal plant. Hardneck varieties typically produce a flower stalk, with flowers giving way to a seed cap. Most commerciallyproduced garlic is grown in mild areas of california. Garlic, allium sativum garlic allium sativum is one of the best known herbs around the world. Introduction a member of the liliaceae family, garlic allium sativum is a cultivated food highly regarded throughout the world.
The name allium sativum is derived from the celtic word all, meaning. It is a perennial herb with narrow, angular, long, fleshy and slightly grayish leaves, rounded flower heads and numerous small bulbs borne in a group and surrounded by a white papery sheath. Classification of genetic variation in garlic allium sativum. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease prevention, colorectal and gastric cancer prevention topical. Hardneck types typically have four to 12 cloves in a single circle surrounding the stiff stalk which. Garlic allium sativum originated in china but has been cultivated throughout the world. In ovo evaluation of antiviral effects of aqueous garlic. Garlic garlic allium sativum is one of the best known herbs in the world. Originally from central asia, garlic is one of the earliest of. Garlic allium sativum is believed to have been originated from central asia over 6,000 years ago, but has spread to almost everywhere long time ago. Sulphur compounds in garlic are responsible both for its strong smell, and for its medicinal properties. Garlic 226 allicin and other sulfurcontaining compounds are formed from alliin by the enzyme alliinase when garlic is crushed or chopped. Also, it is widely used as a food ingredientspice and aphrodisiac.
Pdf pharmacological effects of garlic allium sativum l. Antimycobacterial and antibacterial activity of allium. Garlic allium sativum oil extract as a biopreservative. The extremely large bulbs with 56 cloves can weigh as much as a pound. It is renowned throughout the world for its distinctive flavour as well as its healthgiving properties. Yamaguchi, 1983 pointed out that garlic was grown and consumed between 2780 and 2100 bc, during the building of the pyramids in egypt. It is generally agreed that garlic evolved from the wild garlic a. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled gnu free documentation license. And biofertilization npk pdf effect of inorganic and biofertilizer on growth and yield of garlic allium sativum l. Alliin and alliinase are separated while the cells of a garlic bulb are intact, but crushing and chopping damage the cells of the bulb, allowing alliin and alliinase to come into. A member of the liliaceae family, garlic allium sativum is highly regarded throughout the world for both its medicinal and culinary value. Help on accessing alternative formats, such as portable document format pdf, microsoft word and powerpoint ppt files, can be obtained in the alternate format help section. Therapeutic effects of allium sativum and allium cepa in. In ovo evaluation of antiviral effects of aqueous garlic allium sativum extract against a velogenic strain of newcastle disease virus fatemeh doostmohammadian1 id, tahoora shomali 1 id, najmeh mosleh2 id, mitra mohammadi 2 1division of pharmacology and toxicology, department of basic sciences, school of.
It is a working document, not yet edited, and shall be further developed after the release. Pdf allium sativum, also known as clove garlic is part of the lilliceae plant family. Garlic is a strongly aromatic bulb crop that has been cultivated for thousands of years. Garlic varieties are categorized as either hardneck or softneck. Pdf the effect of garlic extract allium sativum on the. Aged garlic extract, ajo, alli sativi bulbus, allium, camphor of the poor, clove garlic, nectar of the gods, poor mans treacle, rust treacle, stinking rose12 ii. Biologically valuable substances in garlic allium sativum l. The otc potency range of allium sat is 2x30x, 1c30c, 200c, 1m, 10m, 50m, and cm. Its close relatives include the onion, shallot, leek, chive, and chinese onion. Allium sativum consists of garlic naphtha, in which the main ingredient was garlicin, which is produced by enzymatic activity of garlic. Known for its pungent odour, garlic has been used as both a food and a medicine in many cultures for thousands of years.
Both the garlic and the common onion allium cepa found their way from the far east to egypt, where both plants were systematically cultivated by the egyptians. Efficacy of allium sativum garlicin controlling nematode. Although garlic has been used for its medicinal properties for thousands of years, investigations into its mode of action are relatively recent. Garlic has been reported as a plant with widespread biological properties including antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antiinflammatory, hypoglycemic, and cardiovascular effects 4. Pdf chemical constituents and pharmacological activities.
Garlic can be provided in the form of capsules and powders, as dietary supplements, and thus differ from conventional foods or food ingredients. Garlic allium sativum differs from the onion allium cepa, producing a number of small bulbs called cloves rather than one large bulb. Garlic is the edible bulb of the lily family, liliaceae. Garlic is a member of the onion family and is one of natures. Garlic allium sativum is a species in the onion genus, allium. Garlic is probably native to central asia but has long been naturalized in southern europe and throughout the world. Garlic allium sativum belongs to the family liliaceae and it is also called as. Sativum extract is used for treatment of infected wounds, in. Permission is granted to copy, distribute andor modify this document under the terms of the gnu free documentation license, version 1. It can be concluded that allium tuberosum species of garlic is a more potent hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic agent as compared to allium sativum. This perennial plant, most often grown as an annual, produces edible bulbs composed of a number of cloves. Resurgence in the use of natural herbal alternatives has brought.
Its medicinal use is based on traditional experience passed from generation to. Garlic allium sativum is one of the best known herbs around the world. In addition to the wild garlic, the so called field garlic in europe and north america does also occur to refer to allium vineale. Variety collection a variety collection will be maintained for the purpose of establishing distinctness of the candidate varieties in test. Elephant garlic allium ampeloprasum is not a true garlic it is actually a type of leek. Allium sativum definition of allium sativum by medical. The effect of garlic extract allium sativum on the. It is native to central asia and northeastern iran, and has long been a common seasoning worldwide, with a history of several thousand years of human consumption and use. File number of the application allocated by the cpvo breeders reference examination reference if known name of applicant the phrase on request of the cpvo iii conduct of tests 1.
A sativum was also effective against candida albicans and aspagillus fumigatus. It was one of the main protective plants for the egyptians, the gauls, and also the romans and greeks used it for treatment of numerous diseases. Thousands of new, highquality pictures added every day. Journal of herbmed pharmacology j herbmed pharmacol. Sativum chips of extract to the feed is used for the prevention of mycosis in the animals. For centuries it was used as a traditional remedy for most healthrelated disorders. The distinctive aroma distinguishes allium species from morphologically similar poi. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page information wikidata item cite this page. Allium sativum a introduction garlic allium sativum l. Garlic allium sativum is a source of medicine in many ways in human beings in routine life as well. Each bulb typically contains 410 cloves bulb is smaller but cloves are larger than those of softneck.
Garlic is an ancient cultivated plant which originates from the central asian steppes. Garlic allium sativum is one of the best known herbs. It is a relative of the onion and leek, and other related species containing the aromatic sulfurbased compounds, which. Allium cepa onion, allium porrum leek, allium sativum garlic, and allium schoenoprasum chive. It is a herbaceous plant with height of 2040 cm, a bulb of strong odour and pungent taste. Find allium sativum stock images in hd and millions of other royaltyfree stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the shutterstock collection. Garlic allium sativum is a natural plant, which is being used as a food as well as folk medicine across the globe since centuries. Introduction historically, garlic has been used for centuries worldwide by various societies to combat infectious disease.
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